Soil Management Practices to Enhance Carbon Sequestration Rates- A Review

This comprehensive review explores the critical role of soil management practices in enhancing carbon sequestration, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation. Recognizing soil as a significant carbon sink capable of holding substantial carbon amounts, the review delves into the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the impact of various agricultural practices on carbon flux. Key topics include the fundamental processes of carbon sequestration in soil, the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM), and the factors influencing carbon sequestration such as climate, soil texture, land use, and management practices. It provides an in-depth analysis of soil management strategies like no-till farming, crop rotation, and the use of organic amendments (compost, biochar, and manure), highlighting their benefits in enhancing soil structure, fertility, and carbon storage capabilities. It also examines the role of cover cropping and agroforestry in promoting soil health and carbon sequestration. The review discusses the technical, socioeconomic, and environmental challenges in implementing these practices and emphasizes the importance of technological advancements in monitoring and validating soil carbon sequestration. Case studies from different geographic and climatic contexts illustrate the practical applications and outcomes of these soil management practices.