Application of the Cryopreserved Pigskin Substrate for Correction of Immunity Disorder (Experimental Research)

Introduction: Allergic pathology remains a global problem of humanity. Despite a wide range of antiallergicdrugs,
the problem of developing reasonable and safe measures for allergic diseases (ADs)
treatment and prevention remains unresolved. Among existing modern therapeutic measures,
particular attention is drawn to the allergen-specific immunotherapy. It seems promising to use the
cryopreserved pigskin substrate (CPSS), cellular elements of which serve as the source of antigens
and are capable of triggering immunotolerance mechanisms. We investigated the effect of CPSS on
the development of mouse immunodeficiency and an allergic reaction of delayed-type hypersensitivity
(DTH).
Materials and Methods: The effect of CPSS on the development of mouse immunodeficiency
induced by hydrocortisone acetate (once, intraperitoneally, 250 mg/kg,) was investigated. The CPSS
was administered on a daily basis into the stomach of animals as a suspension emulsified with Tween
at dosas 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. As the reference drug, we used an analog regarding
pharmacological action, the immunostimulatory agent of natural origin thymalin, lyophilisate for
solution for injections (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Blood serum of experimental animals was
analyzed to assess parameters of the humoral component of the immune system, namely, titers of
hemolysins and hemagglutinins and the number of antibody-forming cells according to Ierne and
Nordin. The effect of CPSS on development an allergic reaction of DTH induced by skin sensitization
with a 5% 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) solution (five applications of three drops of a 5% alcoholacetone
solution (1:1) of 2,4-DNCB to the animal skin. Four days after the last application, three drops
of the 5% 2,4-DNCB solution were applied to the right paw of an animal (initiation of the allergic
reaction) was investigated. As the reference drug, we used loratadine tablets, at a dose of 1 mg/kg.
Popliteal lymph nodes were removed and weighed. DTH reaction index was determined. The
concentration of IgE, as well as the level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TFN-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and
IL-10 cytokines, were assessed in blood serum of sensitized animals. Neutrophil phagocytic activity
was determined in whole-blood after coincubation of neutrophils with yeast cells.
Results: The study established that preventive administration of the CPSS contributes to restoring
the balance between cellular and humoral immune responses, which results in inhibition of the
pathological process, reduction in specific hyperresponsiveness of tissues to proinflammatory
mediators, and reduction of signs of allergic inflammation or immunodeficiency states.
Conclusions: Рreventive administration of the CPSS contributes to restoring the balance between
cellular and humoral immune responses, which results in inhibition of the pathological process,
reduction in specific hyperresponsiveness of tissues to pro-inflammatory mediators, and reduction of
signs of allergic inflammation or immunodeficiency states.