The Effect of Pre-sowing Treatments with Glomus mosseae and GA3 on the Leaves Physiology of Melia azedarach Seedling

Melia azedarach, a versatile tree belonging to the Meliaceae family, presents a significant challenge in achieving successful seed germination for forest plantations. The robust nature of Melia azedarach seeds necessitates pre-treatments to overcome physical barriers and enhance water absorption. Natural ecosystems often benefit from the symbiotic relationship between Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and plant roots, which promotes survival and growth. This study examined the impact of Glomus mosseae-inoculated soil on Melia azedarach seeds treated with pre-sowing techniques at the Nursery of the Forestry Department, CCSHAU, Hisar in 2019. Glomus mosseae was sown at a rate of 400–500 sporocarps per kg of soil, and its influence was evaluated in terms of physiological parameters, survival rate, root colonization percentage, and sporocarp count. Each replication of the experiment involved 250 seedlings and was repeated five times. Results demonstrated that soils inoculated with Glomus mosseae and treated with gibberellic acid at 200 ppm for 24 hours prior to sowing exhibited significantly higher physiological parameters (chlorophyll and carotenoid content, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance), survival percentage, root colonization percentage, and sporocarp count (per 100 g of soil). Therefore, the combined use of Glomus mosseae and gibberellic acid at 200 ppm for 24 hours is recommended to enhance physiological growth and plant survival in Melia azedarach.