Journal of
Engineering and Technology Research

  • Abbreviation: J. Eng. Technol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 2006-9790
  • DOI: 10.5897/JETR
  • Start Year: 2009
  • Published Articles: 192

Full Length Research Paper

Wastewater discharge impact on groundwater quality of Béchar City, Southwestern Algeria: Approach by microbiological analysis and health risk index evaluation

Abdesselem Kabour
  • Abdesselem Kabour
  • Department of Hydraulic, University Hadj Lakhdar Batna, 05000 Batna / Algeria.
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Azzedine Hani
  • Azzedine Hani
  • Department of Earth Sciences, University Badji Mokhtar Annaba, BP12, 23000 Annaba / Algeria.
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Lynda Chebbah
  • Lynda Chebbah
  • Department of Hydraulic, University Hadj Lakhdar Batna, 05000 Batna / Algeria.
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Abdelhak Maazouzi
  • Abdelhak Maazouzi
  • ENERGARID Laboratory, University of Béchar, BP417- 08000, Algeria.
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  •  Received: 11 December 2014
  •  Accepted: 10 March 2015
  •  Published: 31 March 2015

Abstract

This manuscript studies the problem of the wastewater influence on groundwater chemistry, particularly the microbiological quality setting and risk to public health in an urban environment, in an arid climate. The study of the spatial and temporal variation in the chemical and microbiological composition of Béchar city groundwater identifies the impact intensity that directly affects its quality. Microbiological analysis (total bacteria, total coliforms, Streptococcus, Clostridium sulphite-reducing), including microorganisms research (fecal coliform) indicators of anthropogenic pollution (sewage) is also made, confirmed and interpreted by significant microbial load presence, the highest ones are located south of the city. The evaluation of the risk index for the determiner: groundwater ingestion, with Pb and Zn ions, for children and adults, is significant, and worth 1.3 (Pb, children) which expresses a public health real risk presence, and appropriate measures must be recommended to eliminate it.
 
Key words: Béchar, quality, groundwater, microbiology, waste water, risk index.